學術演講:太平洋戰爭對馬來亞獨立建國的影響

日期: 2017/09/20
時間: 15:00~17:00
地點: 研究大樓一樓會議室
主講人:陳中和博士(拉曼大學中華研究院中文系助理教授)
主辦單位: 蔣介石研究群;「西方經驗與近代中日交流的思想連鎖」主題研究計畫
協辦單位: 胡適研究群

講者簡介:
陳中和博士目前為拉曼大學中華研究院中文系助理教授,以及拉曼大學中華研究中心當代中國研究組組長,曾在2014至2016年期間擔任拉曼大學中文系系主任。自2009年於中國文化大學中山學術研究所考取博士學位,在2002年至2009年期間曾在國立台灣大學、國立政治大學、國立暨南國際大學、玄奘大學、文藻外語大學、樹德科技大學、崑山科技大學擔任兼任講師或助理教授,累積了豐富的教學經驗。研究興趣為伊斯蘭政治研究,馬來西亞政治與族群關系研究,馬來西亞華人歷史研究,孫中山思想和當代中國政治研究等,目前正參與3個研究計劃,已累積有10篇學術期刊論文、8篇專書論文、48篇研討會論文和1本25萬字的學術專書《馬來西亞伊斯蘭政黨政治──巫統和伊斯蘭黨之比較》(2006)。


演講摘要:
太平洋戰爭前英國對馬來亞的各個族群實施分而治之的政策以維繫其統治。日本對馬來亞的占領雖然對當地社會造成極大的破壞,惟相較於華人,日軍得到當地許多馬來民族主義者的支持。大戰時期親日的馬來人和華人領導的抗日軍之對抗,激發了戰後馬來人和華人之激烈的族群衝突,但也激起了馬來人發展出一場民族大團結的自救運動。華人對抗日的貢獻最終使英國認可華人在馬來亞生根發展的權利,而戰後馬來亞共產黨的武裝革命迫使英殖民政府積極扶持右派華人領袖和親英的馬來領袖組成聯合陣線來組織自治政府,以打擊馬共的力量,此舉不但加速了馬來亞的獨立進程,也在此地打造了一個多元族群聯合共治與權力分享的新生國家。

關鍵詞:英屬馬來亞、馬來亞人民抗日軍、馬華關係、巫統

Before the Pacific war, The British Malaya administration adopted a divided and rule policy on the governance of various ethnic groups to maintain its rule. No doubt the Japanese occupation of Malaya during the great war caused a huge damage to Malayan society, compare to Chinese, the occupation of Japan was welcomed by many Malay nationalists, the fights between pro Japan Malay group and Chinese led anti Japan army not only instigated a series of ethnic collisions between Malay and Chinese group shortly after the war, but also triggered a massive Malay nationalist movement throughout the country to safeguard theirs rights and interests. Meanwhile due to the significant contribution of Chinese community to the resistance against Japanese occupation, the Chinese rights of habitation in Malaya were recognized by the British administration shortly after the war. Follow by the rebellion of Malayan Communist party in post war period, to suppress the communist resistance, the British Malaya administration was forced to set up and promote a coalition alliance between local right wing Chinese leader and pro British Malay leader for the formation of the self government in Malaya. This effort has accelerated the process of independence of Malaya and subsequently helped to form a new country which is governed by multiethnic group through the concept of power sharing.

Keywords: British Malaya, Malayan People's Anti-Japanese Army, Chinese-Malay relations, United Malay National Organisation 



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